ANTIBIOFILM ACTIVITY OF FIVE NATIVE PLANTS OF KALIMANTAN ISLAND AGAINST Staphylococcus aureus

Authors

  • Joko Priyanto Wibowo Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Banjarmasin, Barito Kuala, Indonesia, 73514
  • Abdul Rahman Wahid Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia, 83115
  • Dewi Setya Paramitha Faculty of Nursing and Health Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Banjarmasin, Banjarmasin, 70114.
  • Restu Dara Wewengkang Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Banjarmasin, Barito Kuala, Indonesia, 73514.
  • Medina Nurrahmah Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Banjarmasin, Barito Kuala, Indonesia, 73514

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31603/pharmacy.v11i3.12917

Keywords:

Antibiofilm, Gelinggang, Spectrophotometry, Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

Infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus are an increasing concern in the healthcare sector, particularly due to the rise of antibiotic-resistant strains. Natural products provide a promising alternative source for discovering new antibacterial and antibiofilm agents. This study aimed to evaluate the antibiofilm activity of five plant species natives to Kalimantan Island against S. aureus. Plant materials were extracted using the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method with 70% ethanol at 40 kHz and temperature of 30”¯Â°C for 30 minutes. Phytochemical screening was performed using standard qualitative tests to detect major secondary metabolite groups, including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and terpenoids. The antibiofilm assay was carried out using a spectrophotometric microplate method, where biofilm formation was quantified in the presence of plant extracts (500 ppm) compared to negative control (solvent). Data were analyzed statistically using ANOVA (p < 0.05) followed by post-hoc tests to determine significant differences among samples. Among the tested extracts, the gelinggang extract exhibited the strongest antibiofilm effect, inhibiting biofilm formation by 84.39 ± 7.21 %, followed by sangkareho (70.63 ± 7.29 %), kratom (66.54 ± 6.11 %) and matoa (58.36 ± 5.91 %). While, limpasu showed the weakest antibiofilm activity (18.22 ± 1.21 %) in this study. The observed activity may be attributed to the presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds known to disrupt quorum sensing and biofilm matrix synthesis. These findings highlight the potential of Kalimantan’s native plants, particularly gelinggang, as promising sources of natural antibiofilm agents for combating antibiotic-resistant S. aureus infections.

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Published

2025-12-10

Issue

Vol 11 No 3 (September-December 2025)

Section

Articles