Paedagogie
Articles
Permainan Tradisional Dakon sebagai Intervensi pada Anak Diskalkulia
Published
14 March 2026
Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026)
Pages 893-900
Open Access
Abstract
This study aims to test the effectiveness of the traditional dakon game in improving children's numeracy skills. The study involved 15 kindergarten students in Loura District, Sumba, as research subjects. The study used a quantitative research method with a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design. Data were collected using observation sheets. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk normality assumption test (priority for n < 50), followed by a paired samples t-test (SPSS IBM, α = 0.05, two-tailed) to test the difference in pretest-posttest means. The normality test showed that the data were normally distributed. The paired t-test showed a significant difference between the pretest and posttest. These findings indicate that the traditional dakon game can improve the numeracy skills of children with dyscalculia. Therefore, the traditional dakon game can be a learning tool to introduce and improve the numeracy skills of children with dyscalculia.
Keywords
Traditional Games; Dakon; DyscalculiaReferences
- Aliifah, H., Prakosha, D., & , Gunarhadi. (2024). Effect of the Fun Mathematics Educational Game on the Arithmetic Operation Skills of Children with Dyscalculia. SPECIAL. https://doi.org/10.36456/special.vol5.no1.a9131.
- Butterworth, B. (2010). Foundational Numerical Capacities and the Origins of Dyscalculia. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 14, 534-541.
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2010.09.007.
- Chandra, R., Boiliu, N., & Widjaja, B. (2023). The Indonesian Dakon Game: A Learning Method to Link Spiritual Values to Economic Praxis. E-Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.38159/ehass.2023417.
- Cheng, D., Xiao, Q., Cui, J., Chen, C., Zeng, J., Chen, Q., & Zhou, X. (2020). Short-term numerosity training promotes symbolic arithmetic in children with developmental dyscalculia: The mediating role of visual form perception.. Developmental science, e12910 . https://doi.org/10.1111/desc.12910.
- Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1990). Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience. New York: Harper and Row
- Damri, D., Amalia, R., Engkizar, E., Efendi, E., Ramadhani, R., & Asril, Z. (2023). Improving Students’ Dyscalculia Numeracy Ability Using Learning Media Colored Bead Montessori. Al-Ta lim Journal. https://doi.org/10.15548/jt.v30i2.751.
- Dehaene, S. (1997). The number sense: How the mind creates mathematics. Oxford University Press: Oxford.
- Forshee, J. 2006. Culture and Customs of Indonesia. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press
- Gerdes, P. (1996). Ethnomathematics and mathematics education. In A. J. Bishop, et al. (Eds.), International handbook of mathematics education (pp. 909-943). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1465-0_28
- Herwegen, J. V., Herbert, E., Outhwaite, L. 2023. Dyscalculia: how to support your child if they have mathematical learning difficulties. https://doi.org/10.64628/AAN.tg4spmkxq.
- Hestyaningsih, L., & Pratisti, W. (2021). Efektivitas Permainan Tradisional Dakon untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berhitung pada Anak Tunagrahita. Jurnal Intervensi Psikologi (JIP). https://doi.org/10.20885/intervensipsikologi.vol13.iss2.art7.
- Käser, T., Baschera, G., Kohn, J., Kucian, K., Richtmann, V., Grond, U., Gross, M., & Von Aster, M. (2013). Design and evaluation of the computer-based training program Calcularis for enhancing numerical cognition. Frontiers in Psychology, 4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00489.
- Kaufmann, L., Mazzocco, M., Dowker, A., Von Aster, M., Göbel, S., Grabner, R., Henik, A., Jordan, N., Karmiloff-Smith, A., Kucian, K., Rubinsten, O., Szűcs, D., Shalev, R., & Nuerk, H. (2013). Dyscalculia from a developmental and differential perspective. Frontiers in Psychology, 4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00516.
- Kucian, K., Grond, U., Rotzer, S., Henzi, B., Schönmann, C., Plangger, F., Gälli, M., Martin, E., & Aster, M. (2011). Mental number line training in children with developmental dyscalculia. NeuroImage, 57, 782-795. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.01.070.
- Kusumarini, E., Handayani, E., Tridarmawati, M., Wanti, R., & Aslamiyah, S. (2025). Sosialisasi Pendidikan Anti Korupsi Membangun Karakter Jujur Pada Anak Yang Kurang Aktif Dan Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Melalui Permainan Congklak Atau Dakon di SDN 004 Samarinda Ilir. JPMNT: JURNAL PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT NIAN TANA. https://doi.org/10.59603/jpmnt.v3i3.1009.
- Lamb, S., Krieger, F., & Kuhn, J. (2024). Delayed development of basic numerical skills in children with developmental dyscalculia. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1187785.
- Lubis, A., Fahmi, M., Mawardinur, M., Azandi, F., & Nugroho, A. (2021). SOSIALISASI PERMAINAN TRADISIONAL UNTUK SISWA SD DI SDN 104202 BANDAR SETIA. Jubaedah: Jurnal Pengabdian dan Edukasi Sekolah (Indonesian Journal of Community Services and School Education). https://doi.org/10.46306/jub.v1i2.32.
- Nayeri, N., Noodeh, F., Nia, H., Yaghoobzadeh, A., Allen, K., & Goudarzian, A. (2024). Statistical Procedures Used in Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design: A Review of Papers in Five Iranian Journals. ACTA MEDICA IRANICA. https://doi.org/10.18502/acta.v61i10.15657.
- Nugraheni, B., Nugrahanta, G., & Kurniastuti, I. (2021). PENGEMBANGAN MODUL PERMAINAN TRADISIONAL GUNA MENUMBUHKAN KARAKTER TOLERAN ANAK USIA 6-8 TAHUN. Taman Cendekia: Jurnal Pendidikan Ke-SD-an. https://doi.org/10.30738/tc.v5i1.8970.
- Raffles, S. T. 1817. History of Java. London: Gilbert and Rivington,
- Ramadhan, M., Valenda, C., Renzaputri, S., Sabiq, A., Putra, V., Hilman, D., & Dewi, K. (2023). Development of Gamified Mathematics Learning Material for Treating Children With Dyscalculia at Age 4 - 6 Years Old. 2023 7th International Conference on New Media Studies (CONMEDIA), 304-309. https://doi.org/10.1109/conmedia60526.2023.10428235.
- Santos, F., Ribeiro, F., Dias-Piovezana, A., Primi, C., Dowker, A., & Von Aster, M. (2022). Discerning Developmental Dyscalculia and Neurodevelopmental Models of Numerical Cognition in a Disadvantaged Educational Context. Brain Sciences, 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12050653.
- Seniati, L., Yulianto, A,; & Setiadi, B, N. (2005). Psikologi Eksperimen. Jakarta: Gramedia
- Sudjana. (1999). Metoda Statistika. Bandung: Tarsito.
- Sugiyono. (2017). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
- Wang, F., & Jamaludin, A. (2025). Neural investigations of a digital-game based intervention for young Learners with mathematical developmental variability. Neuroscience, 577, 272-281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.05.001.
- Widada, W., Herawaty, D., Pusvita, Y., Anggreni, D., Aripianti, R., & Panduwinata, B. (2020). Multiplication and division of integers through cultural approaches of playing dakon. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1657. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1657/1/012030.
- Wulansari, W., & Dwiyanti, L. (2021). Building Mathematical Concepts Through Traditional Games to Develop Counting Skills for Early Childhood. International Journal of Elementary Education. https://doi.org/10.23887/ijee.v5i4.39654.
- Yanuar Jatnika. 2026. Mendikdasmen Ungkap Capaian dan Tantangan Dalam Pendidikan. Tersedia online: https://puslapdik.kemendikdasmen.go.id/mendikdasmen-ungkap-capaian-dan-tantangan-dalam-pendidikan/